Rived from natural biomass sources (cellulose, chitosan, lignin, sodium alginate, starch, etc.), biomass aerogels are porous materials fabricated through sol-gel synthesis and supercritical drying processes. They integrate the intrinsic properties of aerogels—ultralight structure, ultrahigh specific surface area (>600 m²/g), and exceptional thermal insulation (λ~0.025 W/m•K)—with the sustainability advantages of biomaterials, including renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. IBIH has pioneered the industrialization of cellulose and chitosan aerogels across two key domains.